Development of a student council-based civic engagement model for students in vocational secondary education

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a contextualized Civic Engagement Model through the Student Council (MCE-OSIS) to strengthen civic engagement among vocational secondary school students. Methods: A research and development approach using the ADDIE framework was employed. The model was evaluated through expert validation, practicality assessment, and a one-group pretest–posttest design involving 40 Student Council officers. Results: The developed model demonstrated high validity (89.9%) and practicality (mean = 3.38). Students' civic engagement scores increased from 61.94% to 80.00%, representing an improvement of 18.06 percentage points (p < .001). Conclusions: The MCE-OSIS model provides a valid, practical, and promising framework for integrating experiential civic learning into student council activities. Its implementation was associated with improved civic engagement, although further controlled studies are required to establish causal effectiveness and broader applicability across educational settings