Student perceptions of project-based learning with a deep learning approach in vocational education

Intan Sari Ramadhani; Yuhendri Leo Vista

doi:10.32698/02502

Student perceptions of project-based learning with a deep learning approach in vocational education

Intan Sari Ramadhani⁽¹⁾, Yuhendri Leo Vista⁽²⁾,
(1) Universitas Negeri Padang

Indonesia
(2) Universitas Negeri Padang

Indonesia

Corresponding Author

DOI : https://doi.org/10.32698/02502

Full Text:

Language : en

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the effects of Project-Based Learning integrated with a Deep Learning approach on student engagement and digital archiving skills among vocational students based on their perceptions. A quantitative survey with an explanatory design was employed. The participants were 117 Office Management students at SMK Negeri 1 Painan selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using validated and reliable questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and simple linear regression. Project-Based Learning with a Deep Learning approach significantly influenced student engagement (β = 0.963, t = 38.360, p < 0.001) and digital archiving skills (β = 0.851, t = 17.365, p < 0.001). Meaningful and contextual project-based learning is positively associated with higher student engagement and stronger perceived digital archiving competencies in vocational education.

Keywords

Project-Based Learning; Deep Learning; Student Engagement; Digital Archiving Skills

References

Albab, A. (2021). Pendidikan sebagai proses terencana dalam pengembangan potensi peserta didik. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Arwildayanto. (2021). Manajemen perkantoran modern. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.

Assefa, B., Tadesse, T., & Weldeslassie, A. (2025). Student engagement as a multidimensional construct and its impact on learning outcomes. International Journal of Educational Research, 118, 102134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2023.102134

Azmi, N., Putra, R. A., & Rahman, F. (2022). Project-based learning berbasis teknologi informasi untuk meningkatkan literasi digital siswa SMK. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 12(2), 175–187. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v12i2.48721

BBPPMPV BMTI. (2025). Strategi penguatan pendidikan vokasi menuju link and match. Bandung: BBPPMPV BMTI.

Biggs, J., & Tang, C. (2011). Teaching for quality learning at university (4th ed.). Maidenhead: Open University Press.

Chen, X., Li, Y., & Wang, H. (2025). Project-based learning and digital competence development in vocational education. Computers & Education, 198, 104761. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2024.104761

Chemerys, O., Kuzminska, O., & Bida, O. (2022). Experiential learning in digital project-based environments. Education and Information Technologies, 27(6), 8539–8557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11041-3

Depdiknas. (2003). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Jakarta: Depdiknas.

Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Vokasi. (2020). Peta jalan pengembangan pendidikan vokasi Indonesia. Jakarta: Kemendikbud.

Della Prameswary, A., Hanyfa, H., & Maulidiah, M. (2023). Tujuan dan sasaran pendidikan dan pelatihan vokasi di Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebijakan Publik, 8(1), 45–56.

Fitriani, D., & Santiani, S. (2025). Deep learning sebagai pendekatan pembelajaran bermakna di abad ke-21. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan, 15(1), 23–35.

Fitrianti, A., Annur, S., & Afriantoni, A. (2024). Transformasi digital dalam pendidikan vokasi. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 26(2), 189–201. https://doi.org/10.21009/jtp.v26i2.38945

Fredricks, J. A., Blumenfeld, P. C., & Paris, A. H. (2004). School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Review of Educational Research, 74(1), 59–109. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543074001059

Gutiérrez-González, J., Zamarron, I., & Royuela, V. (2024). Active learning strategies and student engagement in vocational education. Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 76(1), 89–108. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2023.2230146

Habók, A., & Nagy, J. (2021). Project-based learning and student engagement: Empirical evidence. Education Sciences, 11(9), 465. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11090465

Halil, F., Rahman, N., & Ismail, M. (2024). Deep learning pedagogy and its impact on student engagement. International Journal of Instruction, 17(2), 213–228. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2024.17212a

Hasanah, U. (2025). Pembelajaran kearsipan digital berbasis proyek di SMK. Jurnal Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran, 10(1), 1–12.

Hidayat, R., & Lestari, S. (2023). Implementasi project-based learning dalam pendidikan vokasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Kejuruan, 13(2), 101–112.

Himmi, A., Nurazizah, N., & Herawan, D. (2025). Constructivism and project-based learning in vocational education. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 17(1), 55–68.

Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Kementerian Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. (2024). Naskah akademik pembelajaran mendalam (Deep Learning). Jakarta: Kemendikdasmen.

Kementerian Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. (2025). Transformasi pendidikan menuju Indonesia Emas 2045. Jakarta: Kemendikdasmen.

Krajcik, J. S., & Blumenfeld, P. C. (2021). Project-based learning. In R. E. Mayer & P. A. Alexander (Eds.), Handbook of research on learning and instruction (2nd ed., pp. 531–547). New York, NY: Routledge.

Lestari, R., Ansar, A., & Ardiansyah, A. (2024). Tantangan implementasi pendidikan vokasi berbasis industri. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 14(1), 33–44.

Liu, Y., Zhang, X., & Li, J. (2025). Digital literacy outcomes of project-based learning. Educational Technology Research and Development, 73(1), 89–107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-024-10289-6

Mursyidah, M., Sukmono, A., & Masithah, S. (2024). Peralihan arsip manual ke arsip digital dalam pembelajaran vokasi. Jurnal Kearsipan Indonesia, 9(2), 115–127.

Novalia, R., Nurazizah, N., & Putra, A. (2025). Integrating project-based learning and deep learning in vocational schools. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 24(1), 78–94.

Nurazizah, N., Syamsul, M., Herawan, D., & Putri, R. (2025). Project-based learning with deep learning orientation to enhance student engagement. International Journal of Instruction, 18(1), 301–316. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2025.18117a

Putra, A., Rahmawati, R., & Halim, H. (2025). Project-based learning in Indonesian vocational schools. Journal of Vocational Education Studies, 8(1), 44–58.

Rahman, A., & Suparman, S. (2021). Student engagement in skills-based education. Journal of Education and Learning, 15(3), 362–370.

Risamasu, P., Mutiara, M., Tijow, G., & Sembiring, S. (2025). Digital archiving skills of vocational students. Journal of Office Administration Education, 7(1), 19–31.

Spiteri, J., Chang Rundgren, S. N., & Pace, P. (2022). Experiential learning and student-centred pedagogy. European Journal of Education, 57(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12487

Suharno, S., et al. (2020). Peran strategis SMK dalam penyiapan sumber daya manusia. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan, 27(1), 1–10.

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Xiong, Y., Zhang, L., & Wang, S. (2025). Project-based digital learning and cognitive flexibility. Computers & Education, 199, 104782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2024.104782

Zhou, J., & Wu, Y. (2023). Teacher support, classroom interaction, and student engagement in vocational education. Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 75(4), 623–642. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2022.2145678